| St. Helen's Bishopsgate | |
St. Helen's Bishopsgate pictured in 2006
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| Country | United Kingdom |
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| Denomination | Church of England |
| Website | St Helen's Bishopsgate |
| Clergy | |
| Senior pastor(s) | Revd William Taylor |
St. Helen's Bishopsgate is a large conservative evangelical Anglican church, in the City of London, close to the Lloyd's building and 30 St Mary Axe.
It is the largest surviving church in the City and contains more monuments than any other church in London except Westminster Abbey, hence it is sometimes referred to as the 'Westminster Abbey of the City'.
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The church of St. Helen dates from the 12th century, and a priory of Benedictine nuns was founded there in 1210.[1] It is unusual in that it was designed with two parallel naves, giving it a wide interior.[2] Until the dissolution of the priory in 1538, the church was divided in two by a partition running from east to west, the northern half serving the nuns and the southern the parishioners.[1] It is the only building from a nunnery to survive in the City of London.
The priory had extensive monastic buildings; its hall was later used by the Worshipful Company of Leathersellers until its demolition in 1799. A crypt extended north from the church, under the hall.[1]
St. Helen's was the parish church of William Shakespeare when he lived in the area in the 1590s.[3]
In the 17th century two classical doorcases were added to the otherwise Gothic church.[1][4] The building was heavily restored by John Loughborough Pearson between 1891-1893 and reopened on St. John the Baptist's Day, 1893, by the Bishop of London, Frederick Temple.
St. Helen's was one of only a few City churches to survive both the Great Fire of London of 1666 and the Blitz during World War II.[5] In 1992 and 1993, however, the church was badly damaged by two IRA bombs that were set off nearby.[6] The roof of the building was lifted and one of the City's largest medieval stained glass windows was shattered. The church has since been fully restored although many of the older monuments within it were entirely destroyed. Architect Quinlan Terry, an enthusiast of Georgian architecture, designed the restoration along Reformation lines.
Due to parish consolidation over the years, the parish is now named 'St. Helen Bishopsgate with St. Andrew Undershaft and St. Ethelburga Bishopsgate and St. Martin Outwich and St. Mary Axe'. The Worshipful Company of Merchant Taylors are the patrons of the benefice.[7]
The church was designated a Grade I listed building on 4 January 1950.[8]
1. North wall of the Nuns' Choir, near the west end, Alderman Thon Robinson, 1599. An Elizabethan group of kneeling figures; the deceased and his wife with nine sons and seven daughters.
2. In the north-east corner of the "Gresham Memorial Chapel" at the east end of the nuns' Choir, altar tomb of Sir Thomas Gresham, 1579. Founder of the Royal Exchange and the Gresham Lectures.
3. Side by side with the preceding, Sir Julius Caesar Adelmare, 1636. Judge of the Court of Admiralty. Altar tomb with Latin epitaph in the form of a deed to which is affixed the broad seal of the deceased.
4. In the south-east corner of the Gresham Memorial Chapel, Sir Andrew Judd 1558. Founder of Tonbridge School.
5. Under the chancel arch, north of the High Altar, Sir William Pickering, 1574. Ambassador in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. Altar tomb with recumbent figure surmounted by a lofty canopy.
6. Under the chancel arch, south of the High Altar, Sir John Crosby 1475[9] founder of Crosby Hall, and Agnes his wife. Altar tomb with recumbent figures.
7. In the Chapel of the Holy Ghost, Sir John Oteswich and his wife. Formerly in the church of St Martin Outwich.
8. Against the south wall of the church, sightly to the west of the south entrance, Sir John Spencer and his wife, 1609. Altar tomb under a canopy with recumbent figures, and a third kneeling figure.
The organ dates from 1744 when an annuity organ by Thomas Griffin was installed. It has undergone several restorations since by builders such as George Pike England in 1810, J.C. Bishop and Son in 1910 and 1923, Hill, Norman and Beard in 1929 and 1957, and Martin Goetze & Dominic Gwynn in 1996. A specification of the organ can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register.
The organ is of such historic significance that it has been awarded a Grade II* listing by the British Institute of Organ Studies.
St. Helen's holds three services each Sunday, one in the morning, another in the afternoon and a final evening service. The Sunday afternoon and evening services are followed by an informal meal and opportunities to socialise.
There are also numerous small groups which meet at the church during the week. These include the 'Read, Mark, Learn (RML)' groups which either study the Gospel of Mark, the Epistle to the Romans or a Bible overview over the course of a year. There is also the Central Focus group which studies a whole variety of topics and books from the Bible. The church also runs the Christianity Explored course regularly.
Former rectors include Thomas Horton and R. C. Lucas. The current rector is William Taylor.[10]